Syringe



Nov. 23 1926,

G. L. GRIER ET AL SYRINGE Filed Feb. 14, 1922 ITED STATES ?ATENT QTFIC.

GARRETT LAYTON GRIER, OF MILFORD, DELAWARE, AND CHARLES J'. PILLING, 0F LANSDOVNE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSGNORS TO THE L. D. CAULK COMPANY, OF llJCILFORD, DELAVARE, A COREORATI'ON OF DELA'WARE.

SYRINGE.

Application filed February 14, 1922. Serial No. 536,443.

rllhis invention relates to syringes and proposes the construction of a syringe of that class in which the medicament or other substance to be injected is loaded into the syringe in the form of a filled capsule, and discharged by compression of a plunger against a movable Wall of said capsule.

In the present instance the capsules used in connection With the syringe are of the type which is cylindrical at one end and prolonged at the outer end into a reduced injection tube, and they are made of a flexible, insoluble, non-metallic substance, of which Celluloid is an example.

The capsules are partially filled with a medicament, Which is usually liquid in nature, and closed by a cork, or stopper, thrust into the cylindrical end thereof, each capsule holding but a single charge of medicament and being discarded after use.

Onaccount of the flexibility of the material of which the capsules are formed, it is common for the cylindrical ends to become mis-shapen, due to irregularities in the shape of the corks, lateral compression in packaging, or careless handling prior to use,I so that it is essential for them to be restored to a uniform cylindrical shape to insure a positive actuation of the capsules by the syringe.

One of the objects of the invention, therefore, is the provision, in a syringe, of means for shaping the inner end of the capsule to conform to the shape of a seat provided in the syringe for the reception of said capsule.

another object of the invention is the provision in a syringe, of a casing including a neck portion, and a terminal nipple, said parts being provided With a` bore Which serves as a housing and guidevvay for a plunger rod, the terminal nipple being lrabbeted at its end to form an annular seat for a dexible capsule, and the plunger rod being provided with a couver: head having a diameter equal to that of said seat, said plunger head being adapted to restore to a cylindrical shape a flexible capsule which, by mischance, has become flattened, so that it will conform to said seat When the Ycapsule is forced 'over said plunger head. I ianother object of the V.invniton is the construction of a capsule holder having an apertured lower end for the extrusion therethrough of the injection tube of a flexible capsule, and being screw-threaded at its upper end for engagement with screw-threads on the terminal nipple, the flexible capsule being forced over the convex plunger head and seated upon the annular seat on said ing a part of this specification, and Wherein the preferred embodimentl of our invention is illustrated:

.Figure l is aside elevation of the syringe embodying the present invention, showing the capsule holder in cross section..

Figure 2 is a cross sectional view of the syringe with the plunger rod depressed.

Figures 3 and 4 are detail views on a slightly larger' scale. than that of the previous figures, showing the plunger head in operative relation to the flexible capsule, respectively, in charged and discharged positions.

Figure 5 is a cross sectional view taken along the lines 5,-5 of Figure 3.

Referring in detail to the several figures, the numeral l designates the casing of a syringe, to which is rigidly secured the curved neck portion 2 by means of the set screw 3. The lower end of the neck portion is outwardly flanged at 4 and extended beyond said flange to form a terminal nipple l5, the latter being provided With 'screwthreads at 'itsfbaseas shown aty Gand pro vided at its outer end With the rabbeted the diameter of said terminal nipple. The casing, neck 'portion andLt'erminal:nipple are provided with ,ctmtinuous "borev inwhich cooperate with the set screw l() to determine the limits of the reciprooatory stroke of said plunger rod. To the inner end of the part 8 of the plunger rod is fixed -a stem l1 preferably of small diameter, the

space between said stein and the inner Wall of the casing` 1 being occupied by a spiral spring 12 one end of which is seated on a rabbetedshoulder 123 of the part 8, theothe'r end'beingseated Within a recess formed between the `inner ivallof the casing l and the reduced inner end la of the neck portion 2. die" spring l2 uornially under compression and maintains the' plunger rod in extended rposition as shown in Figure l. To h'eloiver endV ofthe stein 1l a` ileniljleshaft se'eure'dn'hich snugly iitswithina bore Y orinedin the'fneck portion-2,`said fle-xible shaftbeing provided at its lo'iver' Yend with a rigid threaded nipple 17 onwhieh is threadedly secured the plunger'l.

The plunger `rod,th`e stem 11, theflexible shaftwl and the nipple 1'? are preferably metallic but the plunger 18 is made of inaterial'suchas hard rubber. ivhich is-non-cor'- rodible, and may be readily removed from the nipple 17, for the purpose of sterilizing.

rlhe plunger 18 is provided with an enlarged lower end or head 19, Which is con- Vvex on its outer surface and provided with a shoulder 20 Which is adapted to abut against the end 21 of the terminal nipple Whenthe plunger rod is in extended positionl The plunger "head is of the saine diameter as the annular seat 7 on the terminal nipple'.

A capsule'holder 22 is provided, which is preferably made of hard rubber or other noncorrodible material and isapertured at its lower end as at Q3 for the protrusion therefrom of the injection tube 2st of the flexible capsule The holder Q2 is provided with an internal bore Withinwhich the flexible capsuleinakesan' approximate lit and the upper end of said holder is internally screwtlireaded as at '26 for engagement with the screw threads 6 on the outside of the terminal nipple The holder 22 and the flexible capsule 25 are'ofsuch relative lengths that whenV the'holder-isfscreived Vupon the `terminal nipple to fthe limit imposed by theh flange 4l the-'capsulewillthen bei'telescoped uponrtheannular seat 7.

Then it' is iii-thisy posit-ion,A the plunger headlis avithin" thepute-r end of saidcap'- sale' andiin engagement with-the cork-28 said'capsule The casing- 1- 4-is provided-With fa Lacasse end of said capsule is deformed from its' norinal cylindrical shape, andordinarily, would nottherefore seat upoiithe annularseat 7. ln orderf to insure a perfect 'seating-of said capsule, thejleonvex plungerl head acts as a sliapingineans for said capsule enteringfint'o thev upper end ofthe latter as theholder adrennes along the screiv-threads, and reforiniugthe caiasuleto the exact sha-pe and f diameter of the Vseat 7. The capsule is likewise guided "by `said convexhead to a position of registry with the seat` 7 `and forced upon"` said seat by the advancement ofthe holder 22 tothe final position in Which it is in abutment With the flange l. Should the corkybe out of round,` as may frequently happen due to compression of the flexible capsule during shipment or1 from other' causes, `it will ordinarily seat iinperfectly against the Wall of the `capsule in the course ofy its depression, resulting in leakage of fluid past thecork, thereby fouling the interior of the syringe.` But the plunger head 19 in refoiniingthe capsule,` fits the saine perfectly, forming a fluid-'tight seal behind the cork, `the capsule functioning as the plunger chamber.

The joint formed between the capsule and -the seat l practicallyleak-proof so that, should there be any tendency of the liquid Within said capsule to leak past the cork as the latter isA compressed, it will still be retained iirthe upper part of the capsule and will not escape therefrom, wetting the Ine-1 tallic parts of the syringe. yl"he injection tube 245 of the flexible capsule 25 possesses a high degree of flexibility, which renders it particularly advantageous in treating pocketsor lesions on both the labial and buccal sides of the gums, at the base of the teeth,-

said "nozzle being readily delieetable, With-` out-undue pressure, against the-hard'su-rfacesy with Which-itmay come 1 vinto contact.

` Havingwdescribed our linventionvwhat We clainras newandvdesirefto-secure by Letters Patent; is

lL: llaesyltngo; a flexible conibinedfcapstile -and-U injection i tubel havinga, a 'i movable end Wall, said-capsu-lejiacting i as a Yplu-n"ger Y c hfam-lo'jer-,i-`4 aff plunger 1 having., aa l tting ml@ sind .Capsule Outside .of Said end wall in fluid-tight manner, and co-acting with said end wall to expel the contents of said capsule, and a casing operably supporting said capsule and injection tube.

2. In a syringe, a combined deformable capsule and injection chamber, a plunger having a head with a circular periphery fitting into the outer end of said capsule in fluid-tight manner, to reform the same when it is deformed and to expel its contents, and a supporting casing surrounding said capsule and injection tube.

3. In a syringe, a casing7 said casing being provided with a capsule seat, a plunger rod passing through said casing, having an end projecting beyond said casing and formed with a shaping and guiding surface, a vholder for a flexible capsule engageable with said casing for forcing a flexible cap Sule over said shaping and guiding surface onto said seat.

t. In a syringe, a casing, having the end thereof threaded and provided with a capsule seat, a plunger rod passing through said casing, having an end projecting beyond said casing, and formed with a shaping and guiding surface, a holder for a flexible capsule, having threads engageable with the threaded end of said casing and advanceable by screwing, to force the flexible capsule over said shaping and guiding surface onto said seat.

5. In a syringe, a casing, having the end thereof threaded and provided with a seat, a plungerecylinder holder, a plunger rod passing through said casing having an end projecting beyond said seat and into said plunger-cylinder holder, said end being formed with a shaping and guiding surface, a flexible plunger cylinder within said holder provided with a movable plunger cooperating with said plunger rod, said holder having threads engageable with the threaded end of said casing and advanceable by screwing, to force the flexible capsule over said shaping and guiding surface onto said seat.

6. In a syringe, a casing provided at one end with a capsule engaging seat, a reciproca-tory plunger rod extending through said casing, a plunger head detachably secured to the lower end of said plunger rod and having an enlarged end, the outer surface of which is substantially continuous with the surface of said seat when the plunger rod is in extended position.

7. In a syringe, a casing having a bent neck portion and provided at one end with a capsule engaging seat, a reciproeatory plunger rod housed in said casing, including a flexible part Within said neck portion, a plunger head detachably secured to said flexible part and having an enlarged end the outer surface of which is substantially continuous with the surface of said .seat when the plunger rod is in an extended position.

8. In a syringe, a casing having a cylindrical portion provided with a rabbeted seat at its outer end, a replaceable lflexible, plunger cylinder, a hollow holder surround- .ing said plunger cylinder and supporting the walls thereof slidably arranged with respect to said cylindrical portion and forining With said rabbeted seat an annular channel surrounding the end of said casing, said plunger cylinder being advanceable within said channel b v the sliding movement of the holder upon the cylindrical portion of said casing.

9. In a hypodermic syringe, a casing having a 'cylindrical portion provided with a rabbeted seat at its outer end, a replaceable flexible plunger cylinder, a hollow holder surrounding said plunger cylinder supporting the walls thereof slidably arranged with respect to said cylindrical portion and forniing with said rabbeted seat an annular channel surrounding the end of said casing, said holder being provided with an aperture at its lower end, said plunger cylinder being formed with a reduced nozzle extending through said apertured end,l and being advanceable within said channel by the sliding movement of the holder upon the cylindrical portion of said casing, and a plunger and plunger rod operatively associated with said plunger cylinder.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands.

GARRETT LAYTON GRIER. CHARLES J. FILLING. 

